Why Everybody Is Talking About Global Temperature Essay Samples...The Simple Truth Revealed

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Roman Expansion And Development Of The Roman Empire

Born around the want for Roman expansion and development, the military in Rome was created, first as a citizen-based power with close to no funding from the government or any cultural influence, and soon evolved into one of the major portions of life in Rome as well as changing into a well-trained and completely funded force; the change also brought a shift in cultural interests and a rise in military popularity with an introduction of funding, not only from the government, but also through the aristocratic class. As the growth of these overwhelmingly and increasingly strong forces came to be, there also came the creation of different forces within the Roman Empire, all with different roles that contributed to such a well-rounded strength being created. The intense growth of Rome throughout its period of reign can be attributed almost entirely to these forces. Economic aid played one of the largest roles in the increase of conquest and importance of warfare in the Roman Empire throu ghout its history of growth. Originally, the Roman army was citizen funded and citizen run, resembling a more militia-like complex than the complexity of a state run army. Although this was true, the organization level that was in place was very specific and fine-tuned which allowed for the versatility of the army as well as the safety and power behind it. During this pre-industrial age that was the Roman Empire, the grand majority of the citizens worked land as the means of life which createdShow MoreRelatedGovernment Of Roman Republic And Modern Government Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment of Roman Republic The government of Roman Republic was certainly a precursor of modern government. Social class played a vital role in the beginning of Republics. Whether a person was a wealthy patrician or common plebeian decided what role he can play in the government. 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The Roman Republic was controlled by the roar Rome. Bureaucracy was ran throughout the region, but Rome did not want this nor could they afford it. However, they did allow small cities to run a lower level of government. The exerciseRead MoreThe Roman Empire890 Words   |  4 Pagesthe word â€Å"Roman† is uttered my brain quickly references the many history books and movies that depict the mighty Romans one dimensionally. They commonly portray the Roman as bronze, muscular, overly macho men who are quick to the sword. In part, the literature we have read in this course has reinforced this idea. The stories in texts like Plutarch s Lives, Suetonius’s The Twelve Caesars, and Connolly’s Ancient City to some extent help perpetuate this idea of the Roman ch aracter. The Roman qualities

ECO Research

Questions: (1)Explain whether there is a relationship between inflation and unemployment. Should government interfere and reduce inflation and unemployment? (2)Using your home country as a case study outline and analyse inflation, unemployment and growth trends. Identify what range of the aggregate supply curve your country is operating in? (3)Explain how monetary policy can influence an economy, including the exchange rate and employment levels? Answers: Yes, there is an inverse relationship in between the inflation and the unemployment. This statement is represents by the Philips curve as stated below. (Source: economichelp.org) There are two ideas that state the financial statements and are densely attach with each other these are inflation and the unemployment. Various economists were trying to link the connectivity in between the ideas of inflation and the unemployment in the previous years. The above statement clarifies the two details. These are one is temporary and the other is the permanent. Both the clarifications are not linked with each other. They show the inverse relation in between each other in the short pace. Let assume that in the above case, unemployment is at the high level and inflation is on the lower side whereas the opposite of this is also suitable in this case too (Aisen, Ari and David , 2008). It has created various problems. The relations in between inflation and the unemployment that became the part of the discussion is known as the Phillips curve. It seems to diminish in the short-term period and a long drag gets separate from the curve in this period. All economists believe that in the short period all the ideas of inflation and the unemployment are not connected. With an old approach of inflation, it enters with lots of changes in the cash supply and at the same point when the supply of cash gets increase with the value of the other things in cash. Increases in the volume of the costs known as inflation. An old approach of an economist states the regular rate of unemployment. It is called as the equilibrium level of unemployment in a particular financial system. It also called Philips curve i.e. long haul. This curve is perpendicular because inflation is not encompasses to some association with an unemployment in the longer period (Akintoye, 2008). With the above study, its expected that unemployment would move forward towards the stable point as not dependent on inflation. This is the rule, if an unemployment is lower than the rate of the characteristic then the inflation rate passed through all the points of desire ones whereas, if an unemployment is gre ater than the possibility to achieve then the inflation rate would come down to the normal intensity. There is an alternate approach with an old approach is the approach of Keynesian. This economist treats inflation as the results of cash that seems rising. They bargain with the institutions and individuals when both of them will increase the intensity of the values. As per an argument of the above, the top management authority of the company continuing in increasing the salaries of their employees with an aim to appease them. They increase their own profits by enhancing the costs of administrations given by them only. There must be a high rise in the supply of cash with an increase in an economy. With an objective of meeting the above demand, the government continuously provides more cash so that it gets aware with the rate of inflation. With an addition to inflation, unemployment is the major concern that plays an important role in the social and economic life of the country. Unem ployment is an endless discussion that spreads worldwide and is the matter of need in all developing countries. Later, it clears that an increase in the profit is the strong approach and expected to be endless. Any type of development becomes the matter of satisfactory and gives the good supply of products that increases the welfare of all individuals and improves the advancements of the society. Fiscal policy keeps the ability to remove the problem of unemployment by increasing the demand of the development of finance. The government will seek to opt for some strategy after the development of finance and involves the taxes with an expansion in expenditure of the government. Less taxes increases the revenues that may get disposed anytime and guides to do best utilization higher aggregate demand (AD). Example VAT slices that is of 15% in 2008, with an increase in the AD the GDP also started increasing. When the business expands, it increases the demand for workers / work force along with the insufficient demand of unemployment. Moreover, with the sound development in finance, some of the companies will get insolvent represents unemployment. Another economist Keynes supports and enhancing fiscal policy with a long last recession (Kumar and Alamuru, 2010). Keynes states that in recession assets are not moving whereas the government needs to mediate and tries to increase the dema nd of decreasing unemployment. Effects of Increase AD on economic conditions (source: economicshelp.org) It depends on the various factors of AD and the chances are very less in the above event where deducting taxes might not increase the expenses of the purchaser on the base where individuals need to spend extra. Moreover, where individuals do not want to pay for their taxes, in this event they will soon tries to look at back. Fiscal policy may have the shortage of time and to build the new form of government investment may increase with leaving an effect on increasing AD. If at this time, when the system of finance is close to the increment of AD will leads to inflation. Fiscal strategy will reduce the evil of unemployment in the case where there is a less gap. The policy of fiscal strategy will grateful to the government that may not be easy for the countries with the increase chances in security. In the end, fiscal strategy may move out when the administration increases the expenses however they capture the private segment as they left with very less so they cannot help in increasin g them and here, AD does not increase. Last but not the least that Keynesian contends spilling over would not done in the solvency trap. In case if the business returns more there is an increase in the demand of the workers that reduces the unemployment. With an increase in AD and the finance development, some of the business becomes bankrupts that results unemployment. Keynes who was a supporter of the fiscal policy was having an aim of reducing subsidence. He believes that in subsidence, workers are not moving along with the legislatures that may gives an extra demand to reduce unemployment. Monetary policy involves the diminishing rates of investments. These less rates reduce the expenses of borrowings and invade individuals to donate or spend more. This results in boosting the GDP and decreases the unemployment. (Source: CBO, Australia Unemployment and GDP) Unemployment has fallen faster since 1980 until 2009 in the previous years of recessionas shown in the above chart. This decrease is due to the various reasons like decrease in the growth of wages, less labor productivity and more flexibility in labor markets. (Source: CBO, Australia unemployment and inflation) Inflation brings the huge change in an economy of Australia through the sound development in finance/ economical conditions of the country. Aggregate Demand of an economy is faster than the aggregate supply and is expected at a prominent rate of inflation. Suppose, if the demand increases than the aggregate supply then it is suggested that the development of financial condition is greater than the reasonable rate of development in the longer period. Let us assume that in Australia the rate of the development in finance in the long period is approx 3% then the financial system of the country increases fast such as the monetary development is 6%, in this case results are expected of inflationary demand. The inflationary demand means the demand increases fast than the companies those can stay along side by side of supply, High development with face up to imperatives in supply and businesses increases the costs. Increase in the developments increases more livelihoods. Unemployment decrea ses because it causes the deficiencies in labors. A deficiency in unemployment increases the range on income that prompts prominent inflation (Rao and Rao, 2006). The Keynesian AS bend accept that prices and remunerations are settled in anticipation of full livelihood is arrived at. Over the 'Keynesian range' there is extra limit in the economy, the price stage is steady, and genuine yield can extend as an aftereffect of expansions in AD without any inflationary weight. Past complete vocation, any progressions in AD will realize advanced price extents. The Keynesian perspective of AS was adjusted to demonstrate a 'moderate extent' where together joblessness and inflation possibly will happen together. The adjusted Keynesian AS bend is more reasonable, and emphasizes the exchanges that can happen between the price extent and unemployment. The above chart shows the Australias LRAS curve. LRAS (long run total supply curve) shows the Australias plan of supply in the long period. It is feature as one of the step where costs of resources have completely adjoined with the changes in the cost of the finished goods. Increase in the cost in the longer period where vendors get their finished output that is completely balanced by its relevant increase in the costs that dealers move out for the resources. Result is that the GDP (Gross domestic product) offers by all the dealers are free of amends in the economy of Australia. The above chart shows the LAS curves that depicts in a perpendicular line where the curve is not affected by the changes in the price level. The above LRAS curve is straight upward at the point that shows the GDP. The normal GDP is feature as the point of the real GDP that shows at that time where an Australia economy is used completely in every bit of reachable assets. The changes like in Aggregate Demand are not made by the changes taken together supply is not done by changes in the level of the value. Besides this, they are brought by the changes done in the various components. The principal of these components is the change in the expense of the resources. Example- the value of the oil and its resources increases in the 1970 because of the changes done in an export of oil where the trading of oil is done in the particular nation. Various administrations that use the oil or its items same as it is like its resources. Suppliers of these oil goods faced increase in the expenses and need to decrease and last finish the supply at every step of its cost. Decrease in the AS brought by an increase in the cost of the resources that is demonstrate through the changes done to the left side of the curve that is SAS curve and this curve assumes that expenses on the resources stays as it is same. An increase in the AS because of the decrease in the cost of re sources that is denotes by the changes done in the SAS curve towards the right side. A second changes that creates the AS curve and impose it to shift are represents the development in the financial condition whereas the growth is positive in the economy of the country. It is done through an increase in the assets those are highly profitable example- labor and wealth (Nelson and Nikolov,2002). With additional assets, it is able to develop an additional outcome/ results in the forms of goods and services that results in the level of the real increased GDP. Here, the monetary development shown by the changes in the LAS curve to the right side. It is important to know that the development in finance decreases the volume of the real GDP that shifts to the left side of the LAS curve. 3. Explain how monetary policy can influence an economy, including the exchange rate and employment levels Arrangements related with money effects inflation in the short term and the huge demand of goods and the services. As a result, the demand of the labors those help in the production and administration department get affected by the impact on the money related circumstances faces the unity in the companies. In tough times, the reserve of a federal economy generally affect by all situations of monetary through making changes in the finances of the government like fees that is charge by the banks from one another on credit creation. Development in the rate of trusts of government transits to the other rates of investment that leaves the effect on the expenses of the families and the companies (Damachi, 2001). Development in the rates of the investment leaves the great impact on the huge premium rates. Example- Rate of security for all commercial purposes i.e. home loans. Those rates that are imitate for the various variables, the current one and the future upcoming estimated rates get v aries. A long pull rate of premium leaves the huge impact on the costs of all resources and removes this cost of equity with the estimated price of dollar on foreign exchange. Example- all above besides become equal, inferior rates of premium lifts the costs up as a investor rebates the chances of the stream of money related with the changes in the value at a decreasing rate. Therefore, these drastic changes in such situations of money effect on the movement of finances. In the short and long run, rates of investment diminish. As a result, it became less costly for taking loans. Therefore, it is beneficial for the families those get ready to buy goods and services. Business those are running successfully at the large-scale purchase things to increase the infrastructure / resources of their firms like tools, machinery etc. By observing all such increments in the units of industry and families businesses react vast and involving more professionalism for enhancing business opportunitie s. Being the reasons of the above factors family units helps more in building or creating more expenses. These relations involve the strategy of money used in production that is not turned up and gets affected by the changing variables. It making the situations tough with a proper estimate that effects on the monetary approach on the economic conditions. Strategy towards money leaves an important impact on inflation. When the rate of government finances decreases then it makes the demand of goods services toughest that may has the tendency to take out the income and the expenses that shows the more than worth it demand for the workers. Thus, this is important for all upcoming generations (Friedman, 1999). More than this, all approachable activities effects on the desires of the people and ultimately effects on the economy of the nation that may consider later on. Desires at cost and the compensation those have the huge direct scope with an effect on an existing inflation. In 2008, when the rate of an investment is at zero then here it is not possible to do one more good deal and the reserve of federal embraces the monetary approach of non-customary for giving an extra support to all system of finance. In the starting of October 2014 and in the last of 2008, the reserve of federal captures the home loan that supports the business of securities offered by the government. In addition, more than this majorly bonds are relate with treasury notes. The Federal Reserve buys the long-term bonds of treasury and securities. The main purpose of their purchase is to help the low term rate of interest for improving the financial conditions. This untraditional policy of monetary operated through the wide channels of the traditional policy though; there are many differences in this policy implementation. The main role of the purchase was to guide and beings down the depth of the rates of investment that results in increasing the circumstances of money related. As a result, this non-conservative arrangement of money enhances its working all over the world at every outlet besides all the differences used in making and using strategy. It is widely accepted that the government has the capability to control the standard of translating with the help of buying and offering at the foreign exchange for all businesses on the global economy. (source: Economics for today/4th Asian pacific edition) The money market involves the demand and the supply of money. The demand curve of the market consist the quantity of the money that are hold by the people at different interest rates. The vertical line shown in the above diagram is the money supply i.e. at $20 billion. It is based on the assumption that this quantity of money supplied by the central bank. The equilibrium rate of interest is 8 % finds out at coincide of the money demand and the supply curve of the money that is at point E. Example- If any other interest rates assumed that is 12 % or 4 % then the quantity of money that people desires to hold it is not equal to that money which is already in hand. At this point where the government purchases the supply of foreign exchange with the cash at its local place world wide it increases the supply of cash. At the same time, it offers the bonds of the same cost that reduces the supply of cash by the equal sum. An imaginable effect on the translating scale would be the impact on purchasing the foreign exchange that happens at instant. As the foreign exchange for local money through local investors, make their portfolios in achieving the securities from the government may require less time. With an addition of the above, authority that purchases the stores of foreign exchange may increase and leaves the impact on the rate of the interest. Legislature purchases all external resources when it increases the supply of foreign exchange acquirement and offers the localized resources. It leaves the impact of the above supply on an increase supply of local cash. This fact does the supply of all non-monetary resources at worldwide businesses and t he rate of investment at the local level will take a hike at its highest premium rate by the modest sum. The external resources are not the substitutes of it. The rate of the above-noticed investment effects on its staying so long and on the other side, the premium of all the resources at the local level are in danger forever. It increases as the result of the portfolio available in translating the acquisition of foreign exchange faced and the replacement of the local resources available at overseas. This will be result in the less portion of the resource portfolio globally (Khan, 2002). It effects on the local investment rates, the changing scale and the local changes without any doubt. The effect of increasing the foreign exchange property on the supply of cash by the market consists of open procedures in the local securities. The supply of local cash increases and will move to the upward .Costs will increase if the transform in the standard is flexible in the same procedure, as i t had happened in the supply of the local cash or in the same way as it was created. References Aisen, Ari and David .H, 2008. Budget Deficits and Interest Rates: A Fresh Perspective. IMF Working Paper 08/42 .Washington: International Monetary Fund. Akintoye. IR, 2008. Reducing Unemployment Through the Informal Sector: A Case Study of Nigeria. European Journal of Economics. Finance and Administrative Sciences. Issue 11. Damachi. NA, 2001. Evaluation of Past Policy Measures for Solving Unemployment Problems. in Unemployment in Nigeria. CBN Bullion Vol. 25. No 4; Oct/Dec. Friedman. M, 1999. Inflation and Unemployment- Nobel Memorial Lecture. The University of Chicago. Illinois. USA. Khan. MS, 2002. Inflation, Financial Deepening, and Economic Growth. Paper prepared for the Banco deMexico Conference on Macroeconomic Stability. Financial Markets and Economic Development. Mexico City. November Kumar. R and Alamuru. S, 2010. "Fiscal Policy Issues for India after the Global Financial Crisis (2008-2010)." Asian Development Bank Institute. WorkingPaper No. 249. Nelson. E and Nikolov.K,2002. UK inflation in the 1970s and 1980s: the role of output gap mismeasurement. Bank of England Working Paper 148 and CEPR Discussion Paper 2999. Peter.T,2009. The New Keynesian Phillips curve in Europe: does it fit or does it fail? Empirical Economics 37:463473. Rao. NG and Rao.RK, 2006. "Trends and Issues in Tax Policy and Reforming India." India Policy Forum. NCAER. www.ncaer.org/downloads/Journals/ipf0506-paper2.pdf. Sargent. T,1999. Discussion of Policy Rules for Open Economies. in John B. Taylor, ed..Monetary Policy Rules. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 145154.

Stakeholders for Toyota

Introduction Toyota is the largest automobile manufacturer in the world. The main target market of the company is the middle class. The company has several brands that are popular due to their prices and quality. However, due to quality concerns, recalls of automobiles threaten to tarnish the image and reputation of the company.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stakeholders for Toyota specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This necessitated the company to develop an efficient crisis public relations strategy to prevent the tarnishing of its image. Crisis PR addresses the needs of the stakeholders and averts the looming problem. The success of crisis PR was highly dependent on the ability of the company to address the needs of the stakeholders using proper communication channels. Failure to use efficient crisis PR would make other automobile manufacturers take advantage of the crisis in Toyota to develop strateg ies that would improve their competitiveness. Stakeholder Needs For an organization to respond effectively to a crisis, it should understand its image and reputation. In addition, the company must know the impact the crisis will have on its activities. Efficient crisis PR necessitates a company to address the specific needs of each stakeholder. Efficient response to the crisis will enable the stakeholders to uphold the positive image, identity and reputation of the company (Seitel, 2011). In Toyota’s case, the company had to address the needs of their customers and employees to prevent future occurrence of the problem. Safety and comfort were the major quality concerns of the customers. Therefore, it was vital for the crisis PR to address these issues. Toyota developed the Collaborative Safety Research Center (CSRC). CSRC helped in improving the safety of cars and reducing the number of fatalities on North American roads. CSRC pays special attention to certain vulnerable popu lations. These include children, teens and seniors (Toyota, 2012). CSRC has partnerships with various leading academic and research institutions. These partnerships help in developing projects that can improve the safety of Toyota’s customers.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Partnerships and collaborations with leading academic and research institutions ensure customers that the company is seeking help from the best available sources. This would greatly improve the confidence that customers have in Toyota’s products. Currently, there are more than seven projects with the academic and research institutions that strive to improve automotive safety. CSRC has improved the customers’ perception of the company. It assured the customers that the company puts their interests at heart. Social media is one of the most recent technological advances that companies striving to be market leaders should embrace. Companies may use social media for a variety of purposes. These include marketing and survey. Social media is a critical PR tool that companies may use to repair their image and reputation. Toyota used social media as a PR tool for repairing its image and reputation. Toyota’s customers in the US have direct access to the US CEO via Digg. This allowed the customers to pose questions to the CEO, which the CEO answered promptly (Buley Elliott, 2010). Direct access to the US CEO showed that the company cared about the issues of the customers. The crisis appeared due to the recall of millions of vehicles necessitated Toyota to address the concerns of their employees. The company incorporated all employees in addressing issues of quality regardless of their rank. The employees helped in addressing quality concerns of the company’s products. Toyota ensures that it trains employees on its production system. The Toyota pr oduction system leads to the production of high quality vehicles at a rapid rate. Toyota retrains employees who cannot complete their scheduled work in the production cycle. The company had to address the quality concerns with employees since they were the source of the errors. Therefore, employees are the only people who may help in correcting the faults (Spears Bowen, 1999). Employees have a clear understanding of the production system.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stakeholders for Toyota specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, Toyota addressed the concerns of its employees to ensure that it solved the crisis effectively and prevented future occurrences of the problem. Toyota employees provided clarification on the quality concerns regarding various automobiles. This led to the development of a fast response to address the quality concerns. Toyota responded quickly to the quality concerns of i ts automobiles by recalling millions of automobiles. Shortcomings and Recommendations During the recall, Toyota requested its customers to return their vehicles. The company collaborated with dealers in collecting the vehicles. The company returned the vehicles to the manufacturing plants. This enabled the company to repair the defects in the vehicles. However, the company delayed returning the vehicles to its customers by several weeks. This led to further complaints from the customers. Failure to return the vehicles in time exacerbated the problem that the company faced. It led to further damage of the image and reputation of the company. Delays led to great losses to customers who depended on the vehicles for their daily operations. This necessitated the company to formulate strategies that would help in dealing with the problem created due to the delays. Therefore, the company should have handled this situation in a better manner. Returning the vehicles to the customers promptly after the repairs would have reduced the damage of the image and reputation of the company. Toyota had to repair its image due to the recalls. If Toyota produced high quality vehicles, it would have recalled the vehicles. Therefore, this case shows that Toyota should have ensured that its products are of high quality. This would have guaranteed the market leadership of the company.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Concept Plan The concept plan provides an illustration of how Toyota handled the crisis due to the massive recall of vehicles using PR. The company targeted customers and employees to repair its image and reputation. Conclusion The massive recall of vehicles due to quality concerns threatened to damage the image and reputation of Toyota. This necessitated the company to use efficient crisis PR strategies to repair its image and reputation. The company had to address the needs of its major stakeholders. These stakeholders included employees and customers. The company collaborated with employees in identifying how to address the quality concerns. In addition, the company provided support to customers to ensure that they maintain their trust in the company’s vehicles. Toyota used social media to address concerns of the customers. Customers could pose questions to the US CEO directly via Digg (Buley Elliott, 2010). Direct access to the most senior executive of the company made customers feel that the company had their issues at heart. One of the major shortcomings of the company is the fact that it delayed in returning the vehicles to its customers. This aggravated customers’ discontent. Toyota’s case is a clear illustration of how companies may use PR to repair their damaged image and reputation. References Buley, T. Elliott, H. (2010, Feb 5). Toyota speaks on Digg. Forbes. Web. Seitel, F.P. (2011). The practice of public relations (11th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Spear, S. Bowen, H.K. (1999). Decoding the DNA of Toyota production system. Harvard Business Review, 77(5), 97-106. Toyota. (2012). Our business. Our history. Web. This research paper on Stakeholders for Toyota was written and submitted by user Paige Key to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Talk About Geologic Time in Ma or Myr

Talk About Geologic Time in Ma or Myr Geologists have a bit of awkwardness in their language in talking about the deep past: distinguishing dates in the past from durations  or ages. Ordinary people dont have a problem with the weirdness of historical time- in 2017; we can easily say that an event in B.C.E. 200 happened 2216 years ago,  and that an object made back then is 2216 years old today. (Remember, there was no year 0.) But geologists have a need to separate out the two types of time with different abbreviations or symbols, and there is a debate about establishing a standard way of expressing it. A widespread practice has arisen in the last few decades that gives dates (not ages) in the format X Ma (x million years ago); for example, rocks that formed 5 million years ago are said to date from 5 Ma. 5 Ma is a point in time that is 5 million years from the present. And instead of saying that a rock is 5 Ma old, geologists use a different abbreviation, such as m.y., mya, myr, or Myr (all of which stand for millions of years, in reference to age or duration). This is a little awkward, but the  context makes things clear. Agreeing on a Definition for Ma Some scientists see no need for two different symbols or abbreviations, as something formed 5 million years before the present would indeed be 5 million years old. They are in favor of one system or set of symbols for all sciences, from geology and chemistry to astrophysics and nuclear physics. They wish to use Ma for both, which has caused some concern from geologists, who want to make the distinction and view it as unnecessarily confusing going forward to have Ma apply to both. Recently the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) convened a task force to decide on an official definition of the year to go into the Systà ¨me International or SI, the metric system. The exact definition isnt important here, but the symbol they chose, a, (for the Latin annus, which translates to year) would override geological custom by requiring everyone to use Ma for millions of years ago, ka for thousands of years ago, and Ga for billions of years ago, etc. everywhere. That would make writing geology papers somewhat harder, but we could adjust. But Nicholas Christie-Blick of Columbia University has looked more deeply at the proposal and cried foul in GSA Today. He raised an important question: How can SI accommodate the year as a derived unit when SI rules require that these must be simple powers of base units? The metric system is for physical quantities and measurable distances, not time: points in time are not units. Theres no room in the rules for a derived unit called the year, which would be defined as 31,556,925.445 s. Derived units are things like the gram (10 -3 kg). If this were a legal dispute, Christie-Blick would be arguing that the year has no standing. Start over, he says, and get buy-in from geologists.

How to Make a Cloud in a Bottle

How to Make a Cloud in a Bottle In the real world, clouds form when warm, moist air is cooled and condenses into tiny water droplets, which collectively make up clouds. You can mimic this process (on a much smaller scale, of course!) by using everyday items found in your home or school. What Youll Need: A clear bottle, mason jar, or another see-through container with a lidA dark-colored piece of paperHot waterIceMatches Warning:  Due to the use of hot water, glass, and matches, young children are cautioned not to do this experiment without adult supervision. Getting Started First, rinse your glass to make sure it is clean. (Do not use soap and do not dry the inside.)Add hot water to the jar until it covers the bottom by 1 deep. Then swirl the water around so that it warms up the sides of the jar. (If you dont do this, condensation may immediately occur.) Youve just added one of the key ingredients for cloud formation: water.Take the lid, turn it upside-down (so that it acts as a small dish), and place several ice cubes in it. Place the lid on top of the jar. (After doing this, you may see some condensation, but notice theres no cloud yet.) The ice adds another ingredient needed for clouds to form: the cooling of warm, moist air. Carefully light a match and blow it out. Drop the smoking match into the jar and quickly replace the lid of ice. The smoke adds the final ingredient for cloud formation: condensation nuclei for the cooled water droplets to condense onto.Now look for wisps of cloud swirling inside! To see them better, hold up your dark colored pa per behind the jar. Congratulations, youve just made a cloud! After youve and named it, lift the lid and let it flow out so that you can touch it! Tips and Alternatives For younger children: If you prefer not to use matches, you can substitute air freshener spray in step # 4. Lift the lid of ice, spritz a small amount into the jar, then quickly replace the lid.Advanced: Use a bicycle pump to change the pressure and see even more clouds.  Going further: Try using other sizes of dust particles. Design an experiment to determine the best size of dust particles to use. You could also test different water temperatures. Now that youve learned some basic principles of how clouds form, its time to up your knowledge. Study these cloud photos to learn the ten basic types of clouds and what weather they forecast. Or explore what the many storm clouds look like and mean.         Updated by Tiffany Means

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 43

Economics - Essay Example Globalization is the reason why situations mentioned above happened in the every corner of the world. Globalization shortens the distances between people and countries and makes foreign products approachable for people all over the world. It has huge impacts on both environment and the labor markets in positive ways and negative ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Decades ago when people were talking about the consequences of globalization, the positive outcomes always came up first to their mind. It is true that globalization brought us whom are customers a lot convenience and broader options toward products with relatively lower prices. Because of globalization Chinese people can buy European mobiles such as BMWs without going to Europe and drive it all the back from there to China. They can order it from China without even walking out of their house; and probably the car will park in front of their house the next day after they purchased. Globalization has huge impact on labor standards mainly because it has provided many job opportunities world widely. Many international firms have their branch companies overseas in order to expand their market and reduce the cost of the company; as a result of this many job positions are provided besides the jobs in the local labor market. Different branch company of a firm has different description of their work tasks by considering the different situations in different areas, such as the different cost of labor and capital. Eventually, the labor standard is specified in each area. Countries like China and India are mainly focusing on manufacturing which needs huge amount of labor and capital such as land; because of the lower cost of labor and capital there. On the contrary, countries such as Germany and United States are focusing on financial services and technology support, which needs people will higher skills. As a result the cost of labor and

Media and Government Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Media and Government - Assignment Example The companies moved away from publishing sexually sensitive paper with images of masculine men and half-naked women. They adopted a new policy that aimed at penetrating the whole market. The periodicals majored on stories of interest such as celebrity stories and general stories about fashion. In addition, they provided information on current happenings. In order to make the magazines attractive, the companies printed the publications on high-grade glossy papers. Fejes argument on gays and lesbian spending habits is still valid today. Majority of them spend a tremendous amount of cash on classy and sophisticated products in the market. They embrace new products and, as a result, producers and marketers exploit this. The auto industry is a perfect example of the industry that has realized this and works hard to satisfy gay consumers’ needs. Subaru is one of the companies that has successful exploited gays’ desire for classy products. This company has designed an expensive gay-friendly car. The fact that the vehicle is gay-friendly alone does not improve sales. Thus, the company has invested in advertising their new arrival in gay periodicals such as Advocate and Out. The sales returns are encouraging with the Subaru company claiming that gay men are 18 timely more likely to afford and own this car than other

The Present and Future Price of Money Essay Example for Free

The Present and Future Price of Money Essay One of the most important concepts about saving and investing is the time value of money. It can be used to compare investment alternatives and to solve problems involving loans, mortgages, leases, savings, and annuities. This means money paid out or received in the future is not equivalent to money paid out or received today because inflation erodes money’s buying power. Basically, the power of time is on a person’s side and the premise that cash in hand today is more valuable than the same amount in the future due to its capability of earning interest. There are three factors affecting how much an investment will grow: time, money, and interest rate. Time Value of Money is a concept that is very important in financial management. It affects business, personal, and government finance (Harvey, 2012) Within this paper we will discuss the definition of Time Value of Money and identifies the importance of financial managers understanding the concept. Time, Money and Interest Rates Time has an important impact on the future value of money. Time is referred to as â€Å"N†, or â€Å"number,† and signifies the number of times something happens to your money. The earlier an individual invests, the more time their investment has to compound interest and increase in value. The effects of time on the value of money need to be taken into account when assessing investments. Investments (Money) with interest rates compounding frequently will yield higher returns. The higher the interest rate, the more money an individual will earn. However, and individual must understand an investment with a higher interest rate generally has a greater risk. Risk is the uncertainty the yield on an investment will deviate from what is expected. Generally, having a savings or investment plan with a fixed interest rate guarantees a specific return but can provide a moderate  risk. The last item to take into consideration with interest rates is ensuring the interest rate is h igher than the rate of inflation. Inflation is the steady rise in the general level of prices of a market basket of goods. If the average interest rates rise, the amount a person earns from this type of investment will not increase. Another consideration with interest rates is ensuring the interest rate is higher than the rate of inflation. Need for Financial Managers Anyone who manages finances in a company setting , deals with consumer finance or running their own business is a financial manager and needs to understand the concept of Time Value of Money. A financial manager’s job it to compare the cost and benefits of alternatives that occur at different times. This is done by restating money values through time in Time Value of Money calculations. These calculations estimate what effect time will have on money. For these professionals to make decisions that will assist a client in taking advantages of low interest rates or investing wisely a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the Time Value of Money is needed. Understanding this concept allows them to make better decisions. If they don’t understand the concept then they could make an unfavorable decision resulting in loss of money for the client or their business (Time Value of Money, 2013) Future Value and Present Value As an investor, you cannot control the rate of return on an investment. The actual yield is determined by the market as a whole, in the form of people buying and selling the investments at a price that, coupled with the investment’s payouts, determines the yield. There are two fundamental formulas used to calculate the time value of money; the â€Å"future value† and the â€Å"present value† formulas. They’re basically the same formulas, but rearranged to solve for different values. The future value formula can answer the question, ‘how much money will I have if I invest a certain amount now, at a given rate of return†? The formula is FV=PV*(1+R)N, where FV is the future value (how much you’ll have later), PV is the present value (how much you’ll have now), R is the periodic rate of return or the  percentage that your money will grow in each unit period of time. N is the number of unit periods of time in the overall time span. T he following are examples of the calculation of future values: a) Solve for FV $150,537.19 invested for seven years at an interest rate of 5% will yield a future value of $211,820.94. FV = 150,537.19 (1+ .05)7 = 150,537.19 (1.05) 7 = 150,537.19 (1.40710042265625) = $211,820.94 b) Solve for FV $237,891.22 invested for eight years at an interest rate of 3% will yield a future value of $301.353.48. FV = 237,891.22 (1 + .03) 8 = 237,891.22 (1.03) 8 = 237,891.22 (1.266770081387616) = $301,353.48 c) Solve for FV $320,891.12 invested for 10 years at an interest rate of 11% will yield a future value of $911,144.98. FV = 320,891.12 (1 + .11) 10 = 320,891.12(1.11) 10 = 320,891.12 (2.839420986069016) = $911,144.98 d) Solve for FV $520,520.22 invested for 13 years at an interest rate of 13% will yield a future value of $2,549,513.82. FV = 520,520.22 (1 + .13) 13 =  520,520.22(1.13) 13 = 520,520.22(4.898011103216606) = $2,549,513.82 The present value formula is based on the same fundamental formula, but it’s â€Å"solved† for the PV term and assumes you will know the FV amount. The present value formula can answer the question, ‘how much money would I have to invest now in order to have X dollars at a specific future date?’. That formula is PV = FV/(1 + R) n where all the terms mean the same thing, except that R in this formula is typically referred to as the â€Å"discounted rate†, because its purpose is to lower a future amount of money to show what it is worth to you now (McCracken, 2014). The following are examples of the calculation of present value: a) If you receive a dividend of $562,126.17 in 7 years at an interest rate of 5%. You initial investment w ould have been $399,492.57. PV = 562,126.17/(1 + .05) 7 = 562,126.17 / (1.05) 7 = 562,126.17/1.40710042265625 = $299,492.57 b) If you receive a dividend of $225,003.21 in 6 years at an interest rate of 6%. Your initial investment would have been $158,618.38. PV = 225,003.21/(1 + .06) 6 = 225,003.21/(1.06) 6 = 225,003.21/1.418519112256 = $158,618.38 c) If you receive a dividend of $321,567.35 in 5 years at an interest rate of 18%. Your initial investment would have been $140,560.05. PV = 321,567.35/(1 + .18) 5 = $140,560.05/(1.18) 5 = 321,567.35/2.2877577568 = $140,560.05 d) If your receive a dividend of $63,000.05 in 12 years at an interest rate of 5%. Your initial investment would have been $35,080.75. PV = 63,000.05/(1 + .05) 12 = 63,000.05/ (1.05) 12 = 63,000.05/1.795856326022129 = $35,080.79 Annuity An annuity is a series of identical payments occurring at equal time intervals. When the payments appear at the end of each time period, the annuity is said to be an ordinary annuity or an annuity in arrears. Present value calculations allow us to determine the amount of the recurring payments in an ordinary annuity if we know the other components: present value, interest rate, and the length of the annuity. Present value calculations involve the compounding of interest. This means that any interest earned is invested and will earn interest at the same rate as the principal. So, you earn interest on your interest. The compounding of interest can be very significant when the interest rate and the number of years are sizable. The present value of an annuity, represented by a series of equal payments, receipts or rents involve five components: (1) Present Value (2) Amount of each identical cash payments (3) Time between the identical cash payments (4) Number of periods that the payments will occur, length of the annuity and, (5) Interest rate or target rate used for discounting the series of payments. If you have any 4 of the 5 components, you have the information you need to calculate the unknown component. Calculations of Annuity Suppose you are to receive a stream of annual payments of $325,891.12 every year for 12 years starting at the end of this year. The interest rate is 6%. What is the present value of these 12 payments. PVA =PMT [( 1- (1 /(1 + r) n )) /r ] = 325,891.22[(1- (1/(1 + .06) 12))/.06] = 325,891.22[(1- (1/(1 .06) 12))/.06] = 325,891.22[(1 – (1/20121964718355))/.06] = 325,891.22[(1-.496969363577001)/.06] = 325,891.22[.503030636422999/.06] = 325,891.22 x 8.383843940383317 = $2,732,221.13 is the present value of the 12 payments. Suppose you are to receive a payment of $437,891.24 at the end of each year for five years. You are depositing these payments in a bank account that pays 15% interest. Given these five payments and this interest rate, how much will be in your bank account in five years? FVA =PMT [((1 + r) n – 1) /r] = 437,891.24 [((1 + .15) 5 – 1)/.15] = 437,891.24 [((1.15) 5 – 1)/.15] = 437,891.24 [(2.0113571875 -1) /.15] = 437,891.24 [1.0113571875/.15] = 437,897.24 x 6.74238125 = $2,952,429.69 will be in your bank account at the end of 5 years. Conclusion Present Value and Future calculations seem to be a simple way to compare money at different periods of time. Utilizing the future value calculation a person is able to determine the estimated future value of investments based on periodic, constant payments and constant interest rate. It ca also be used to calculate the future of loans payments. Time Value Money is a basic tool in finance that is used every day. Utilizing this concept can help individuals and companies weight all the options so the best decision can be made to prosper in the future. Understanding and having the knowledge about saving and investing is very important to our generation, especially with the very bleak look of social security. References Biger, N. (2008). Explanation of present values and net present values. Harvey, C. R. (2012). Time Value of Money. Retrieved January 16, 2013, from The Free Dictionary: http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Time+value+of+money McCracken, M., (n.d.) The time value of money. Retrieved January 2014 from http://www.teachmefinance.com/timevalueofmoney.html Time Value of Money Overview. (n.d.) Retrieved January 17, 2013, from University of West Florida: http://uwf.edu/rconstand/fin4424web/T2-TimeValue/T2-TimeValuePO1.htm

Arguements For Gun Control Essay -- essays research papers

The violence in today’s world, has become ordinary and common. This violence causes a staggering number of deaths and injuries throughout the world. The main weapon used to engage in violence is the gun. That’s why I want a strict gun control policy that would nearly abolish guns and make the world a safer place. This policy would make it impossible to buy guns and would only allow hunters to â€Å"rent† guns. By doing this, violence, related to guns, would greatly and rapidly decrease. On April 20th, 1999, 2 friends from Columbine, Colorado came to school. They had a diabolical plan to try and kill as many people as possible. They were well prepared and had thought out their plan carefully. Together they had 4 guns with them when they began their â€Å"operation†. It resulted in the biggest gun issue in the U.S. to date. 12 students and a teacher were killed, that’s not including the 2 killers who committed suicide shortly after the murders. Around 20 others were injured. This single act at Columbine high school sparked a question in American society, is our gun control policy strong enough? I say it isn’t, with all the deaths and or related to violence in our country today, it’s nearly nearly impossible to ignore it. I say we need a very strict gun control policy. An after diasters like Columbine, a lot of people agree with me. Unfortunately, the government just can’t snap their fingers and automatically have a gun control policy. Like all laws and regulations, it must go through congress and if it gets through that, then it has to be signed by the president. Many gun control policies and been proposed in congress and most haven’t even made it through a committee. According to the article â€Å"Gun Control vs. Gun Rights†, on www.opensecrets.org, the government only takes action on gun control when a diaster occurs or when a well known figure is killed. In my eyes, this is entirely true considering that when a â€Å"normal everyday joe† is killed, he doesn’t make national headlines. It makes sense however, the people aren’t going to make a big deal out of a guy that they don’t know. Also it’s a known fact that when it comes to gun control, democrats and republicans, split right down the middle when it comes to gun control. Democrats favor heavy restriction on guns. Republicans sway towards gun rights and tend to hide behind the 2nd amendment. This results in gridlock (when... ...ssible considering that since the demand would go up and the supply would go way down, some people would be able to smuggle them in from other countries from lots of money. Also I understand that the hunters in particular wouldn’t be happy with this policy. I myself am not a hunter, I don’t believe in killing something for fun. I do, however, understand that I’m from an urban society and wasn’t raised remotely close to how most people who hunt are raised. Some hunters argue that it’s a source of food but it’s not â€Å"survival† food and therefore I wouldn’t let hunters keep their guns. I know that I’m being extremely bias, but I feel very strongly against guns and what they are capable of. Don’t get me wrong, I know that guns have probably helped us war most of war we’ve fought and saved some families from starvation but it’s today world there’s just no need for them. I love to argue my point. I also love a challenge. That’s why I’ve decided to debate someone standing by his own opinion, our founding fathers, and the 2nd amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The actricles that I’m going to rip apart, is â€Å"Gun Control Isn’t About Guns, It’s About Control† and â€Å"43 to 1†, by Mark Howerter.

No Promises in the Wind

Irene Hunt is a prominent American writer who wrote primarily for children's and young adult audience. The remarkable feature of her style of writing is a presence of historical details which help to create a unique atmosphere of her works. Hunt represents a historical fiction genre. I. Hunt was born in Illinois in 1907, in the family of Sarah and Franklin Hunt (Biography: Hunt Irena, n. d. ). When her father died, she was a seven-year old girl. The family moved to a farm where she spent the rest of her childhood.Her grandfather’s tails about the Civil war period had a great influence on a child’s imagination and, probably, influenced her style of writing. In 1939, I. Hunt graduated the University of Illinois, and in 1946, she received her Master degree in the University of Minnesota, and continued her study at the University of Colorado (Biography: Hunt Irena, n. d. ). For 15 years, Hunt worked as a teacher of French and English in a public school, and then in the Univ ersity of South Dakota where she taught psychology. In 1965, Hunt decided to come back to Illinois where she has spent most of her life.Irene Hunt received many awards including American Notable Book Award and a Newbery Medal. The most interesting fact is that Hunt published her first book in 1964 only, when she was about 57 years old. The first book called â€Å"Across Five Aprils†. The other two books are â€Å"Up a Road Slowly† and â€Å"No Promises in the Wind†. Hunt has a unique style that appeals to children and adults. To convey a message of the stories, Hunt appeals to emotions of readers and their imagination using specific techniques and different stylistics devices (metaphors, comparison, etc).It is possible to say that Hunt is a keen observer of people, historical and war events which is manifested in her style. The most important is that she feels what children need supposing that even â€Å"the troubled child will often receive the message in a go od book that he cannot accept from an adult† (Biography: Hunt Irena, n. d. ). In the book â€Å"No Promises in the Wind†, Hunt depicts the period of the Great Depression and struggle of population to survive. The main characters of the book, Joey and Josh, are two brothers who leave their home in Chicago looking for better life.The narrator, Josh, tells that: â€Å"the year 1932 was not good one in which to be fifteen years old and in close quarters with a hopeless father† (Hunt, p. 4). Feels that his father does not love him and understanding that there is no enough food for the whole family, he starts his journey with his friend Howie and little brother Joey. Great love to music is the main thing which joins Howie and Josh. Two friends decided Howie could play his banjo to earn for leaving, while Josh is looking for a job.During their journey, they are faced with casualties of life suffering form the lost of their friend, Howie. The most impressive thing in the story is their struggle for existence and food. Hunt depicts that a hunger was the most terrible thing for people during recession. In this novel, she portrays the futility of sufferings of people who are still alive, but know that hunger is â€Å"around the corner†. The message of this story is that fight is senseless bringing only grief and constant tension. Then, the brothers meet a man, Lonnie, who helps them to find a job and earn for leaving.Suddenly, Josh becomes sick, and someone who found Lonnie’ address in his pocket brought Josh to Lonnie. For a long time, they cannot find Joey, and when Joey appears the brothers decide to back home. The story appeals to me very much depicting very interesting and discrepant historical period. I like the characters of the story who are courageous enough to escape from home and start new life. In spite of all the negative life lessons two brothers understand what it is to be an individual, because it is the only way for them to survive during Depression.At the end of the story, Hunt creates a strict ethical code which functions as the defense against the overwhelming chaos of economic instability. This book is very impressive depicting real life situations and struggle for survival. Hunt depicts growing-up of the boys during the depression period and described events which caused their maturing. References 1. â€Å"Biography: Hunt Irena†. Educational Paperback Association. (N. d). Available at: http://www. edupaperback. org/showauth. cfm? authid=82 2. Hunt, I. (2002). No Promises in the Wind. Berkley.

My Favourite Sportsman

My favourite sportsman Kimi Raikonnen is my favourite sportsman. He is a Finnish racing driver. When he joined the Sauber Formula 1 team he was only 21 and had raced in only 23 car races in his life. But he had won more than half of them. He won the Championship with Ferrari in 2007. Then he took a break from Formula 1 for a while and raced in rallies, but last year he returned back, driving for the Lotus team. Raikkonen is very calm, cool, and calculating in his race strategy and he is known for his absence of emotion which is why he is nicknamed ‘The Iceman'.Whether he wins a race or his car breaks down and robs him of certain victory, he stays cool and detached, showing little emotion of any kind. There is nothing that really makes him upset, angry or happy for more than for fifteen minutes or so. It was unbelievable how Kimi appeared already at the beginning. Before his first race – just half an hour before the start – his team was preparing the start, but Rai kkonen wasn’t there. They started to search for him and his engineer eventually found him, sleeping gently in a room at the back of the garage.He had to wake him up and he just said: â€Å"Jo, let me still sleep a bit. Give me 5 minutes. † Why do I like him so much? The answer is that he is a character and one who makes me laugh. Orszagod legnepszerubb sportja Although Hungary is a relatively small country, it has always been successful in several different sports.Football is one of the most popular sports in the country. Football is a sport played between two teams. The game is played on a football pitch. Each team has 11 players on the field. One of these players is the goalkeeper, and the other ten are known as â€Å"outfield players. The game is played by kicking a ball into the opponent's goal. A match has 90 minutes of play, with a break of 15 minutes in the middle. Players may not use their hands or arms, except the goalkeeper, who may use them within his own p enalty area.The most memorable game of Hungary was in 1953. The English team were unbeaten for 90 years at home, but in this year the Hungarian Golden Team defeated them with a final score of 6-3. Unfortunately Hungarian football is not the best nowadays. We had a very good team about forty years ago but since then we have had a bad period.Sometimes there are good times when we can beat strong teams but in general we lose. Every year we can see some individual talents but they go to foreign clubs to play. Sport event I’ve been to In 2005 I went to the Hungaroring to see the Formula 1 race. My father took me there with his car. He and my mother also came to see the race. The Hungaroring is beautiful. It is enourmous but it has a very good scenery because it was built upon a hill. Many people were there and waiting to get inside. We waited about half an hour at the gates to get in.After that, we took our places and watched the drivers’ preparation before the race. When t hey started their engines and got the green lamp to go, it was very loud. I was really enthusiastic, because my favourite driver was Kimi Raikkonen and I’d like to see him winning. I was very happy when in the half of the race he could overtake Schumacher and he lead until the end of the race. He and his team had a chance to win the world championship because of his first position, but unfortunately he couldn’t win it at the end of that year. All in all, I would say that it was a wonderful experience and I really enjoyed that day.

Disappearing Colorsâ€Easy Bleach Project for Kids

Disappearing Colors- Easy Bleach Project for Kids Let kids see for themselves how bleach works with this easy disappearing colors experiment. Disappearing Colors Project Materials food coloringwaterhousehold bleachdropperglass or jar Procedure Fill a glass or jar about halfway full with water.Add a few drops of food coloring. Stir the liquid to make it colored.Add drops of bleach until the color starts to disappear. You can stir the contents of the glass if you like. Continue until the color is gone.Add a few drops of another color. What happens? The color doesnt spread out the same way as it did when coloring was added to pure water. It forms swirls, which may disappear if there is enough bleach in the water. Why It Works Bleach contains sodium hypochlorite, which is an oxidizer. It oxidizes or reacts with the chromophore or color molecules in food coloring. Although the pigment molecule remains, its shape changes so that it cant absorb/reflect light the same way, so it loses its color as a result of the chemical reaction. Safety Information Be careful to avoid spilling bleach on skin or clothes. Rinse any spills immediately with lots of water.Make sure young experimenters dont drink bleach or the contents of the glass. Diluted bleach is not particularly dangerous, but not good for you either!When you are done with the project, its safe to dump the contents of the glass down the drain and to re-use the washed glass for food.

Caucasian Reaction To Latinohispanic - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Caucasian Reaction To Latinohispanic - Smart Custom Writing Interagency OperationThe national security policy directives are presidential directives or the contemporary interagency integration that are aimed at managing complex crises especially in foreign countries, for example Operation Restore Democracy (1994) in Haiti. Interagency operations are and will be successful in the future following the upholding of the joint doctrine. With efficient coordination between state agencies, the response to emerging security problems can be effective. Additionally, the directives are specific and are formed to address specific issues that are of security concern. The specific nature of these directives enables the specific problems to be solved exhaustively. Another contributor to the success of interagency processes is that they are thoroughly inclusive, that is, each organization brings its own skills and practices to the interagency process. Besides the inclusiveness, the planning of the operations is thorough and rehearsals are held before the actual operation. As a consequence, there is always a likelihood of success in such operations. The challenge with the directives is that they are made by the executive. According to Newman (2003), different presidents have different leadership styles, and some have been known to bypass the use of interagency integration (p.13). It is noteworthy that most of the interagency NSPD are formed more often than not as responsive measures to arising challenges than they are for proactive purposes. This means that problems will almost always come before these directives are given, and therefore they may not be effective currently and in the future. According to Bradford and Mendel (1995), unless a national interagency system and process is considered desirable, the function of multiagency operation will remain in the offices of separate government organizations (p.22). In addition, there is little documented guidance for joint and service commanders to explain their roles and responsibilities in the process of interagency integration. In conclusion, proper planning and execution of pla ns in interagency operations, coupled with pro-active integration of agencies to address crises before they are widespread will always ensure the success of these directives. References Bradford, D. Mendel, W. (1995). Interagency Cooperation a Regional Model for Overseas operations. Washington, DC: DIANE Publishing. Newmann, W. (2003). Managing National Security Policy: The President and the Process. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.

Make green tech, not green legislation Research Paper

Make green tech, not green legislation - Research Paper Example Google has had a track record of getting into trouble over privacy issues. This article pertains to the most recent trouble that Google faces on this issue. Google faces investigation from regulators in the U.S.A and Europe over its bypassing of the user privacy settings on Apple’s Safari Web browser. Bypassing of the privacy settings by Google was through the use of enabling special codes that allowed Google to maintain a track of computer and mobile users. Google says it will cooperate with the investigation and has stopped the use of these special codes and the tracking of computer and mobile users. However, Google had earlier taken the stand that the advertisement cookies through which the security was bypassed, was to provide features that the users themselves had enabled. In addition, it was also earlier stated that personal information of the users was not collected by the generated advertisement cookies. (2).

Time Management in College Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Time Management in College Education - Essay Example Proper time management in college may involve future planning, monitoring the allocation of available time, goal setting, and prioritizing tasks. Numerous tools, skills, and techniques will help the students to accomplish their goals and tasks within the set deadlines. Such methods may include goal setting, prioritizing tasks, monitoring the academic pursuit, creating a list, organizing a work schedule, and limiting procrastination. Through effective time management, college students will enjoy certain benefits that may include good performance, establishing a conducive learning environment, and focusing on priorities. Indeed, since there are numerous non-curricular commitments that limit the available study time, traditional students should embrace time management in their academic pursuit to ensure that they maximize the available study time. Indeed, the research paper will focus on the significance and direct association between time management and the provision of a college educa tion to first year traditional students.Ahmad, F. (2009). Time Management in Higher Education. Education, Business, and Society:The author in this peer review studies time management in higher education with reference to the credit hour system. In this context, the author explores in-class teaching time and course scheduling in Jordan's universities as seen in Jordan's higher educational system. Moreover, the author relates to time management with effectiveness and increased academic performance and productivity.

Succession Planning in Middle Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Succession Planning in Middle Managment - Essay Example Effective succession planning should be integral to the organization's culture, and the process should cultivate "predictability" rather than "chaos" or last minute scrambling to find potential leadership candidates (Succession Planning for Nursing Leadership, 2006). Succession planning considers moving through different levels of leadership, such as local chapters to provincial or territorial to national organizations. Stated simply, business succession planning is the process of protecting the owners of a business by planning for the incapacity or death of an owner. The succession plan should address (i) the identity of the successor manager(s) of the business, (ii) the identity of the successor owner(s) of the business (perhaps most importantly, by identifying permissible successor owners, we identify those who cannot be successor owner(s) - creditors and other outsiders), and (iii) treatment of the interest of a departing owner, whether the departure is due to retirement, disability or death. The advantage of putting a plan in place to deal with inevitable events is that we limit (or eliminate) the unknown and can reach mutual consensus before a potential crisis. Succession planning aims to attract high potential people (rising stars) to develop as leaders, enhance other's leadership skills through formal and informal methods, improve all aspects of others' potential and institutionalize leadership development in your association or organization. Succession planning along with workforce management in general is increasingly regarded as a growing influence in determining the success of an enterprise. If it is undertaken effectively then it can ensure that your organization has capable and trained managers to guide its growth (Succession wizard, 2006). The importance of succession planning is in the move to flatter management structures. Succession planning is insurance for when key people leave an organization. With fewer layers of middle management available to fill these key roles it is important that potential successors are identified early and given appropriate training so that when the time comes for their move to more senior roles disruption is minimized. The important thing is to build a succession plan which is ongoing and durable rather than something which you just look at during the annual planning process. People are the most important asset and good workforce planning will give business a clear performance and competitive advantage. Organizations generally have a wealth of talent already working in different positions and levels throughout their business. This hidden resource needs to be identified and tapped as it is a key factor in effective succession planning. Workforce planning allows to know the skills and resources that are already in these people. Utilizing gap analysis, succession planning can identify those people who, with provision of support and training, can climb management structure and become its future leaders. Common elements of succession planning are balance of succession in the industry and organization,

The Violation Of Animal Rights

The Violation Of Animal Rights Every country is facing the environmental problems these days. It includes ozone depletion, global warming and loss of natural resources such as water, air, and other materials, and it also include the wildlife. Wildlife and forests are the very important part of every country, because it provides clean and fresh air. Everyone has same rights regardless human or non-human. I am raising the environmental issue which is on animal abuse, the violation of animal rights. It includes the abuse of drug testing, experiments, killing animals for food, and clothing. I am totally against the animal abuse, because it avoids the environmental ethics. We should have to be solving this problem in a unity. I want to write in the favour of animal rights. Drug testing and experiments on animals Every field of technology is growing very fast and for the sake of advancement they do hundreds of tests every month; it includes the field of architecture, engineering, manufacturing industry, and medical science. Ninety- four percent of animal testing is done to determine the safety of cosmetics and household products leaving only 6% for medical research. When scientists try to make advancements in the medical field, first of all they try on the animals which kill or harm different types of animals. For example, when doctors make new type of eye lens they try these lenses on the eyes of rabbit, because the eye retina of rabbit and human are same. If those lenses doesnt effect on the eyes of rabbit then they launch in the market, but imagine when that experiment fails on the rabbits eyes it make him blind which ruins the life of that rabbit and also violates the animal rights. The blinding of rabbits to have a new kind of mascara is yet to be justified. In most of the medicines scie ntists include the bones powder of animals. Death during the experiments and testing considered unnecessary and are morally not different from murder. Animal dissection is regarded as misleading. Killing of animals for food and religion celebration People abuse the animals by eating and hunting them. I am totally against the non-vegetarians, and prefer to be a vegetarian. Thousands of animals killed every day to eat and for fun; it includes cow, chicken, goat, fish, deer etc. Its like too selfish to kill someone and serve as a food for others. Animals have also emotions such as love, affection toward their families. Some studies prove that they also have same feelings like humans. Animals also suffer through pain, feelings, like physically or mentally. I saw many situations when people dont show any mercy towards animals. For example, I watched a video clip where people cut the chicken legs and beak for their selfishness because they can`t walk and fed by siting on one place. Chicken grows faster as compare to normal situation. People kills different kinds of animals for special occasion such as parties, marriage ceremony that shows the cruelty of human and also speciesism Peter Singer argues on speciesism that animals do not d eserve for rights or moral consideration simply because they are non-human, it is like similar as racism and sexism. I also want to say that every religion oppose the animal killing, but I saw on many religious occasions people killed animals and eat them and enjoy that day. To instance in Muslim culture, they kill animals for religious purpose which is against the animal rights. It is ridiculous for people when they killed someone and enjoy the day. All people who eat meat are murderers, because they pay money someone to kill them. Usage of animals for wearable products and entertainment People kill animals and use their skin for clothing or other wearable accessories. It is important to know which species are raised and killed on fur farms. Of the 31 million animals killed on fur ranches each year, about twenty-six million are mink and 4.5 million are fox. In addition, 250,000 chinchillas, 150,000 sable, 100,000 Fitch, 100,000 raccoon dogs (a separate species from the American raccoon), and a small number of lynx, bobcat, and nutria are fur farmed. Mink are very solitary creatures that spend a substantial portion of their day swimming in the water. This is an active species and does not adapt well to life in a cage. Hundreds of millions animal are skinning worldwide, and tortured to make the different type of products, like clothing, boots, etc. In every part of the world millions of cows killed to use as resources to produce leather products such as clothes, shoes or sofas. There are not only cows are used as to make clothing products, there are also some other spe cies who skinned alive. For example, ducks and geese are also used to produce down and feathers, which are pulled off from their bodies. Many other animals are also used as a raw material for humans. They killed in the slaughter house. Crocodiles and snakes are also killed to make boots, handbags and jackets. If we think about the value of someones life it cannot be just a pair of boot or coat. Finally, animals are also abused for entertainment. Hundreds of people say that Circuses are the good way to entertain them. But that people dont know the truth that how animals are tortured during their training session. Animals are not well trained to entertain people by their birth; they are tortured by many nasty ways to learn the tricks which are used to entertain people. When they torture to the animals they use electric rods which give them electric shocks, they also use fire torches to burn the hairs from their skin. Actually when people are laughing on animals or on their tricks that they do in the circus show, animals are not enjoying at that time they just scared from people and their operators. Could you imagine this horrible position when someone trap to you and then he torture to you to do the tricks, and other people laugh on you. How ashamed animal feel when we laugh on them. It abuses the animals and violates the human rights. A possible objection on my point of view is that to get advancements in the medical field, doctors have to do experiments on animals. Doctors are able to cure many diseases these days only because of those experiments they did on animals. If they stopped doing research on animals then we would not be able to find the medicines for new diseases, which can kill thousands of people too. When military people go on their operations, they have to kill animals to alive due to the shortage of food. Animals are a good source of energy. If anyone requires energy quickly then doctors suggest them to eat meat. Some people live high in the mountains, where they cannot plant crops. So, they have no option to live without meat. Clothing is also very important for those who lived in cold areas; they wear the fur of animals and prevent themselves from the winter season. So, they kill animals and make their suitable clothes. They mostly use the skins of animals. Circuses should be fine if trainer trai ned the animals without any torture. They should use or have to find the other ways to train them. These are the responses on my objections; There should be some acts in every country to protect animal rights, for example according to United Kingdom animal act 1986 requires experiments to be regulated by three licences: a project licence for the scientist in charge of the project, which details the numbers and types of animals to be used, the experiments to be performed, and the purpose of them; a certificate for the institution to ensure it has adequate facilities and staff; and a personal licence for each scientist or technician who carries out any procedure. if doctors want to do the drug test on animals; they should keep in mind that these tests dont affect animals. These tests should not kill or ruin the life of animal, if they affect it should be on minor stage which can cure after the test. Doctors should have to find the other minerals which can be used in medicines regarding the bones of animals. People should have to change their taste from non-vegetarian to become veget arian. People who eat meat just for taste or for fun, they should have to stop eat meat. I can understand the condition of military people and they eat meat because of their situation, but not for fun or for taste. Clothing is also the same situation; people who live at high places and need fur to wear it should be fine for them, but people who can live without wearing furry clothes, they should oppose these clothes. Conclusion God has created this earth and gives the equal rights to everyone to live with freedom and it does not matter that he is human or non-human. But these days conditions to live on earth are becoming worse as compare to older time. As the population is increasing, forests are falling down to get the more space for humans so wildlife and animals are in danger. For example Indias agricultural land and forest are about to finish because of the population, so vegetables price is rising day by day and people are becoming non vegetarian. Animal killing for food is also against the animal rights, people should have to be vegetarian and they have to show mercy for animals. The use of animals for drug testing should be limited or should be in the favour of animals, means drug test should not harm animals in any way. People also have to oppose the leather material and reject to wear it. The training session of animals to do the tricks for circuses is very abusive and tortured. It should be banned in every country. Finally, I would like to say that all are born with equal rights on this earth, so show mercy and oppose the abuse of animals.

Amelia Earhart :: Biography Biographies

Amelia Earhart Amelia Earhart is one of the worlds greatest aviators, heroes, women, and all around person. She wasn't afraid of the things people said about Women not being aviators. She broke the stereo type boundaries and let the world know that she was not afraid of being a one of the best aviators of our time. Amelia was born in her grandparents house on July 24,1897. Her Father Edwin Earhart was working for a law practice in Kansas city during this time. Amelia didn't know that 2 1/2 years later she would have a sister named Muriel with the nickname Pidge. Amelia and Pidge were born into a life of privilege through their grandparents. They both attended a private school and took pleasure in their life of leisure. There grandfather was not impressed, though, with his son in law Edwin, the girls father. He apparently failed to live up to his father in laws social and financial expectations. Her Mother and Father moved to Des Moines in 1905 leaving the girls with their grandparents. The girls moved back to their parents in Des Moines in 1908. Amelia saw her first airplane when she was ten years old at the Iowa State fair. In her words she said "It was a thing made of wire and not all that interesting..."She took more interest in the Hat that she purchased at the fair. It would be almost ten years until Amelia's interest in aviation would unfold. Amelia father was promoted in 1909 and their conditions of living improved greatly. But Edwin had begun to drink and soon it became apparent to Amelia that her father was a drunkard. It also became apparent to family and friends. Finally in 1914 Amelia, Pidge and her mother left her father and he was fired and went to live with some friends in Chicago. There social life dropped and they became a subject of pity. Amy took money out of a trust fund to support Amelia and her sister through a prepatory school for collage. Amelia decided to train to become a nurse and served as a Voluntary Aid Detachment until the Armistices in November 1918.In her words she said: "There for the first time I realized what the World War meant."She also told about the horrible things that she saw like men without arms or legs, blind men, and even Paralyzed men. In the fall of 1919 Amelia enrolled as a pre- med student at Columbia University .

Pel Appliances Essay

In 1986-87, the company started manufacturing of refrigerators in technical collaboration with M/s IAR-SILTAL of Italy. In 1987, PEL deep freezers were also introduced in technical collaboration with M/s Ariston of Italy. In 2006, the Company has started manufacturing of split type air conditioners of various capacities as the customer choice has shifted from window type to split type. The product has been well received in the market. This encourages the company to multiply its production in the coming year. Today, PEL has become a household name. Its products are not only in great demand in the local market but the Company has started exporting its appliances The company comprises of two divisions: * Appliances Division * Power Division Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) is the pioneer manufacturer of electrical goods in Pakistan. It was established in 1956 in technical collaboration with M/s AEG of Germany. In October 1978, the company was taken over by Saigol Group of Companies. Since its inception, the company has always been contributing owards the advancement and development of the engineering sector in Pakistan by introducing a range of quality electrical equipments and home appliances and by producing hundreds of engineers, skilled workers and technicians through its apprenticeship schemes and training programmes. The company comprises of two divisions: * Ever since their launch, PEL air conditioners have a leading position in the market. PEL air conditioners cooling performance has been tested and approved by Copeland and ITS USA. With the shift of users preference from window type to split type air conditioners, PEL has started manufacturing split type air conditioners. PEL Refrigerators The manufacturing of refrigerators started in 1986-87 in technical collaboration with M/s IAR-SILTAL of Italy. Like the air conditioner, PEL’s refrigerators are also in great demand. Today, PEL Crystal has 30% market share. Its cooling performance is tested and approved by Danfoss, Germany and its manufacturing facility is ISO 9002 certified by SGS Switzerland. PEL Deep Freezers PEL deep freezers were introduced in 1987 in technical collaboration with M/s Ariston of Italy. Because of durability and high quality, PEL deep freezers are the preferred choice of companies like Unilever. Power Division manufactures energy meters, transformers, switchgears, Kiosks, compact stations, shunt capacitor banks etc. All these electrical goods are manufactured under strict quality control and in accordance with international standards. PEL is one of the major electrical equipment suppliers to Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and Karachi Electrical Supply Corporation (KESC), which are the largest power utilities in Pakistan. Over the years, PEL electrical equipment has been used in numerous power projects of national importance within Pakistan. PEL has the privilege of getting its equipment approved and certified by well-reputed international consultants such as: * Preece, Cardew and Rider, England Harza Engineering Company, USA * Snam Progeti, Italy * Societe Dumezm, France * Miner ;amp; Miner International Inc. USA * Ensa, France In spite of stiff competition from emerging local and multinational brands, PEL Group’s appliances and electrical equipments have remained in the spotlight due to constant innovation. Strategic partnership with multinationals of repute have enabled t he PEL Group to incorporate new technologies into existing product ranges, thus giving the Pakistani market access to innovative, affordable and quality products. PEL was 16th Company in Pakistan which got ISO 9002 Certification in 1997, since then PEL Management is applying this International Standard Practices for Effectively Managing Quality of Products and Services that Company Offers. The International Standard Practices in PEL have been Upgraded as per the Revised   ISO 9001 Standards and its   Scope of Application   is expanding ever since and Top Management is Committed to make PEL a Total Quality Management (TQM) Company. In this Company Quality is the Subject of Management at all Levels.

Book of Sand Essay

1.The book had affected the narrator to a great extent. At first he did not care for the book, until the stranger selling Bibles said â€Å"the number of pages in this book is literally infinite. No page is the first page; no page is the last†. This intrigued the narrator’s mind. After he had bought the book, he began investigating. He noted down things in the book. He began losing sleep from the investigation and when he actually got sleep, his dreams were about the book. As it states in the short story, â€Å"At night, during the rare intervals spared me by insomnia, I dreamed of the book†. He had grown an obsession with the book, which altered his lifestyle and forced him to hide the book in the library. 2.The literary device that the author uses to compare the book and himself to was a metaphor. When the narrator said, â€Å"it was cold consolation to think that I, who looked upon it with my eye and fondled it with my ten flesh-and-bone fingers, was no less monstrous than the book†, this proved that he was comparing himself to the monstrous book. The meaning and significance of this metaphor states that he was no different from the book. His mind was now as dense and endless. The book carried infinite secrets and toyed with its readers. As it stated in the short story, â€Å"I felt it was a nightmare thing, an obscene thing, and that it defiled and corrupted reality†. The narrator felt that the deadly secrets that emanated from the book were all getting to his head. His fear of infinite evil caused him to hide the demonic book and run away from the eternal thoughts. 3.In the short story, â€Å"The Book of Sand† by Jorge Luis Borges, the narrator states that he had become a â€Å"prisoner of the book†. This is evidently shown when he obsessively investigates the book. He barely slept because all he could think about was the book, and he barely left his house. As it’s shown, â€Å"I had but few friends left, and those I stopped seeing. A prisoner of the book, I hardly left my house†. He became isolated and trapped in the secrets and mystery of the book. 4.The salesman’s previous warning to the narrator about the book as he stated, â€Å"Look at it well. You will never see it again†, had come true in this short story. The book was infinite, full of endless amounts of illustrations and had no beginning or end. When the narrator said, â€Å"They never repeated themselves†, this proved that it was impossible for anyone to revisit the same page. Therefore the salesman’s previous warning had come true. 5.The author of the short story, Jorge Luis Borges, illustrates the idea of giving up the things we should have valued but instead take for granted for the sole purpose of pleasing one’s obsession to obtain things that will end up destroying humanity regardless of the fulfillment of curiosity. In the beginning, the narrator didn’t seem to care about The Book of Sand. It was not until the salesman had said that it had infinite pages that caught the attention of the narrator. He now wanted the book and would pay a great amount for it. When the narrator offered a trade, â€Å"I will offer you the full sum of my pension. . . and Wyclif’s black-letter Bible†, it proved that he would give up his valuables to get a hold of that book, which little did he know would actually destroy him. He grew an obsession for the book. As it states in the story, â€Å"At night, during the rare intervals spared me by insomnia, I dreamed of the book†. This provides evidence of the fact that he had been so extremely fixated on the diabolical book that even when his body was asleep, his mind was still obsessing over it. When he realizes the mistake he made, giving into his curiosity, he decides to get rid of the monstrous book. However at this point he had already lost his friends and the things he valued. The book had taken up a great extent of his time that could not be taken back, because unlike The Book of Sand, his life was not infinite. 6.The literary device used is a metaphor. I think this because when the narrator says â€Å"the best place to hide a leaf is in the forest†, he is referring to a way to hide The Book of Sand. At first he considered destroying the evil thing. Although he thought that the â€Å"burning of an infinite book might be similarly infinite, and suffocate the planet in smoke†. Therefore he thought to hide the book in plain sight. Hiding a leaf in the forest is like hiding a book in a library. He hid the book on one of the library’s damp shelves in the basement and tried not to notice where exactly he put it. He did this so he and anyone else wouldn’t be able to find the monstrous book. He didn’t want to be a â€Å"prisoner of the book† anymore. The book had ruined his life and took away time, the most precious thing we have in life. He didn’t want to be trapped by the isolation of the book and so he hid it where it could never be found.